MB (ASCPi) Quiz 2

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1. The following PCR technique allows measurement of the DNA amplification in each cycle in real time, contrary to end point detection in standard PCR:(Required)

qPCR or Quantitative PCR

Reverse transcriptase or RT PCR

Asymmetric PCR

Touchdown PCR

2. True or false: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common type of genetic variation among people.(Required)

True

False

3. The process of determining differences in the genotype of an individual by comparing DNA sequence to another individual’s sequence or a reference. It shows how DNA provides studies into a person has inherited from their parents. Which of the following does the statement above refer to?(Required)

Genetics of curiosity

PCR

Gene modification

Phenotyping

4. The PCR procedure, where Taq polymerase is added after the rest of the PCR components heated to the DNA melting temperature, so as to avoid non-specific amplification at lower temperatures is:(Required)

Asymmetric PCR

Multiplex PCR

Nested PCR

5. Which of the following is NOT true about HCV Genotypes?(Required)

The genotype determines treatment protocol

HCV 1 is most common & most difficult to treat

HCV 1 is associated with a less severe liver disease than 2 and 3

HCV 2 & 3 are three times more likely than 1 to respond to therapy with IFN or combination therapy

6. Which of the following syndromes do these statements refer to?(Required)

I. results from severe reduction of FMRP protein encoded by FMR1 gene ....................... II. caused by an unstable repeat of CGG in exon 1 ....................... III. genetic disorder leads to the expansion of repeats with aberrant hypermethylation

Angelman syndrome

Fragile X syndrome

Prader Willi syndrome

Down syndrome

7. A recombinant DNA molecule is produced by:(Required)

Joining of two DNA fragments

. Joining of two or more DNA fragments

Both a and b

Joining of two or more DNA fragments originating from different organisms

8. The gene formed by the joining of DNA segments from two different sources are called:(Required)

Recombinant gene

Joined gene

Both a and b

Chimeric gene

9. Restriction enzymes are also called:(Required)

Biological scissors

Molecular scalpels

Molecular knives

All of these

10. True or false: The Van-A Gene confers bacterial resistance to vancomycin & teicoplanin. M. tuberculosis remains susceptible to teicoplanin.(Required)

True

False

11. 28: What is a mutation that results in a DNA sequence that is one base too long or short? This is referred to as:(Required)

Non-coding mutation

Frame shift mutation

Point mutation

Mismatch mutation

12: In NGS, after obtaining sequences with low quality score, what should be done next?(Required)

Trim out the adapters

Set up new polymerase adapters

Secure adapters

Use unnecessary DNA

13: This disease is caused by the absence of gangliosides, leading to an accumulation of toxic metabolites in the brain and nerve cells:(Required)

Krabbe disease

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

Tay-Sachs disease

Hunter V Leiden disorder

14: This disease is caused by a defective deletion of a base from the gene for dystrophin:(Required)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Myasthenia gravis

Multiple sclerosis

Peripheral neuropathy

15: In NGS, every read is mapped to the reference genome by alignment. Why?(Required)

To separate gene the read from other reads

To identify which gene the read must be compared with

To identify from which gene the read comes

To separate the read from original read

16. The DNA sequence GGATCG has undergone a base substitution. Which of the following sequences could be a possible result?(Required)

GGAGCG

GGATCG

GGATG

GGATCGG

17. Sickle cell anemia is caused by a mutation where a base is replaced with another. Which of the following is used to describe this mutation?(Required)

deletion

frameshift mutation

insertion

base substitution

18: In NGS, how do we see that a gene is highly expressed?(Required)

Many reads will not map to several genes

Many reads will map to several genes

Many reads will not map to that gene

Many reads will map to that gene

19.True or false: A base substitution within a reading frame cannot alter the functionality of a resulting protein product.(Required)

True

False

20.A base substitution within a reading frame can lead to the following possible outcomes, except:(Required)

not alter the resulting functionality of the product

lead to an improved functionality of a product

result in the dissolution of the product

render the product completely nonfunctional

21. Which of these modifications to the reading frame AGCTAT would NOT be considered a frameshift mutation?(Required)

AGCTAAT

ACGCTAT

AGCCTAT

AGCTATT

22. Which of the following reagents is used for precipitating DNA?(Required)

Isopropanol

Ethanol

Both A and B

None of these

23: Phenol used in DNA extraction(Required)

Precipitates DNA and leaves proteins in aqueous solution

Precipitates RNA–protein complex and leaves DNA in aqueous solution

Precipitates cell debris and leaves nucleic acids–protein complex in aqueous solution

Precipitates proteins and leaves nucleic acids in aqueous solution

24. In cell extracts with high protein content, before phenol treatment,(Required)

Chloroform is used to break polypeptides to smaller fragments

SDS is used to break polypeptides to smaller fragments

Proteases are used to break polypeptides to smaller fragments

All of the above

25. Which of the following reagents is used for quantifying DNA?(Required)

Chloroform

CTAB

Diphenylamine

Dansyl chloride